The article researches the aspects of the preparation of the population for their protection in case of air attack and chemical attacks in Russia, France and England during the World War I. Based on the analyses of the documents it reveals the circumstances and reasons, which prompted the authorities of these countries to begin the chemical and anti-aircraft preparation of the population. The author considers the basic directions of public authorities’ and various organizations’ activity in this field in the context of the history of civil defense.

Based on inscriptions of Ramses III from Medinet Habu, the author locates the place of land battle between the Egyptian forces and the Sea Peoples somewhere on the border of Egyptian influence in Lebanon. In his opinion, this can be proved by the fact of non-mentioning Palestinian toponyms in inscriptions of Ramses III in connection with the Sea Peoples and evidence that Amurru was the last point which was reached by the Northerners. In author’s opinion, the goal of Asiatic campaign of Ramses III against the Sea Peoples was defense of Byblos and other Egyptian vassal city-states on Phoenician shore. The sea battle between the Egyptians and the Sea peoples should be placed separately from the land battle. It seems to be somewhere in the eastern Delta.

The article discusses the arguments and changing interpretations of the political situation in England in the second half of the XVIII century found in the English historiography of XIX-XX centuries. The interpretation of the political situation of the second half of the XVIII century was changing significantly in the course of the XIX-XX centuries. The need to analyze the interpretations is due to the fact that the characteristics of the English Enlightenment were largely determined by special political conditions of that time.

The article discusses the issue of the composition and working conditions of the employees of the Moscow state chamber at the end of XVIII - beginning of XIX centuries. Low level of material support of government officials is mentioned. Due to it there were frequent changes of personnel. Examples of the Moscow state chamber officials’ misconduct are given. The conclusion about the absence of any requirements for professional experience of officials is made.

The article is devoted to the initial phase of the campaign for the elections in I State Duma held in Moscow province in accordance with the legislative acts of December 11, 1905; and April 23, 1906. Using the archival materials the following information about the formation and the activities of the provincial and district electoral commissions is provided. Besides, the contents of the district voter lists drawn up by the commissions are analyzed, i.e.: the voters’ number, their age, and social status, as well as the material situation of the people admitted to take part in the elections. The procedures for the publication of the lists are reviewed. Settlement of complaints according to their composition is also made. The conclusion about the influence of the curia structure of the electoral lists during the election campaign in the province as a whole is made.

The article deals with the practical solution of important social problems in the postwar period - the elimination of the acute housing crisis in the Soviet Union. The article discusses the causes of the transition from Stalinist Empire to functionalism. The author examines the transition from overcrowded communal, barracks, and cellars to the individual apartments for one family. The article discusses N.S. Khrushchev’s merit to the transition to mass housing construction. The author considers the positive aspects of this transition.

The article reveals the reasons that led to the emergence of the «Eastern partnership» in respect of several post-Soviet countries, analyzing its strengths and weaknesses. The authors identify initial vulnerabilities of the Program which are connected, first of all, with ignoring Russia's interests while trying to involve former Soviet republics in its sphere of influence. The article analyses the peculiarities of the Program implementation in Moldova, since coming to power in Kishinev Pro-European coalition of political parties in 2009; revealed the nature of the relations between Brussels and Moldova in the framework of «Eastern partnership», shows the main content of the Agreement on Association between Moldova and the EU signed in June 2014, as well as the immediate effects of its implementation in Moldova, which aggravated the systemic crisis that emerged during the implementation by the official Kishinev of the pro-European integration course.

This article scrutinizes the trend of constitutional changes which started when Kyrgyzstan got its Independence. This article also analyzes the amendments concerning the distribution of power between the parliament and the president since the period of the first President of Kyrgyzstan Askar Akayev. The constitutional reforms carried out by the second President, Kurmanbek Bakiyev, are also studied. The last Constitution adopted in 2010 is analyzed, as well as the new draft of the Constitution, which was considered in a referendum in December 2016 in terms of balance of power between the parliament and the president. Their influence on the political regime is also analyzed .

This article is devoted to the topical political and legal analysis of the implementation of the Federal Strategy of state national policy in the planned events in Moscow region at the present time. It is stated that the projective component predominance over the prohibitive and repressive measures is definitely positive. By referring to the normative acts, it is concluded that the regional policy corresponds with the Federal trends, besides, there are both positive and problematic phenomena in the field of practical actions and national policies to counter extremism. There is also the need for further systematic work in this direction.

There are new methods borrowed from foreign sciences in modern Russian historical science. Domestic scientists still comprehend the role of these methods. The article deals with the positive and negative features of the new methodological approaches, their place in the national historical science, as well as with the problems of teaching History through the standpoint of multi-conceptualism.

This article is devoted to the analysis of global economic situation on the eve of World War I. The authors consider the trade turnovers of the UK, Germany, Russia, France, Turkey, Iran, Serbia and other countries. Rather aggressive struggle of Germany for markets had enabled it to objectify its great-power dreams. This was one of the key preconditions for the world war.