In article political, economic and
social consequences of a victory of the USSR in the
Great Patriotic War for Russia and the modern world
are considered. The author allocates the sharpest and
debatable questions of history of the Great Patriotic
War and states them own estimation.

In article problems of observance of international
law in the beginning and the Second World
War course are considered, F. Roosevelts negative estimation
of aggressive actions of fascist Germany, fascist
Italy and militaristic Japan, grasping the countries
without declaration of war , and also experience
of the decision of problems (at I. Stalins personal participation)
on development is state-rules of law in the
USSR in days of the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945)

Article contains problems of soviet
propaganda during the great step of World War the
second. The main aim of quest is methods of transformation
of propaganda suggestion from direct in
indirect - more understandable. The basic attention
is given ways of operative propaganda influence, and
results of the decision of problems.

The article is based on archival and
published sources are considered public food supply
problems, product, solving the housing problem,
analyzes the actions of the Party state leadership of
the USSR for Welfare of Disabled Persons

The article analyzes the views of N.A.
Rozhkov оn period, which in its historical-sociological
conception called noble revolution and appears as a
separate period in world history. Model of noble revolution
in the first time is considered from the standpoint
of the possibility of applying the theory of transitional
periods for generalizations on a global scale.

This text investigates the particular
genre of Soviet literature- letters to Stalin who was
Great Teacher and Father for many Soviet people.
Artists from many Republics send messages for Stalin
when told about his achievements. Mary writers
and poets expressing his love and devotion to Soviet
Leader too. Letters to Leader are valuable source
knowledges about life, culture, art of Mary people.
This Messages show the relations of Regime and the
intelligentsia.

In given article the problem is put to
analyse the works of the Russian historians published
during the period from the beginning of 90th years
and till now. Works of these historians are divided on
two groups. The first included works of the scientists
considering, that the occurrence reasons cold war
were mainly at the USA. In the second group - at the
USA and the USSR.

The article is devoted to investigating
the Russian memoirs on the history of the Soviet-
West-German relations of 1985-1991 by means of the
historical-linguistic discourse analysis. The memoirs
of Soviet politicians of the Perestroika era belonging
to different ideological camps are taken as scientific
objects. The historical-linguistic discourse analysis
allows to reveal the ideological social and political
grounds of both views

This article is about the theory of
modernization, main stages of its evolution. The author
analyses the possibility its application to political
and law reforms in Russia at the second part of
XVIII - first quarter of XIX century.

In pre-revolutionary Russia charity
has always been an arena for empresses. This article
examines the reasons and circumstances in which
the Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna was able
to elevate the status of charities in public service by
creating the Chancellery of Dowager Empress Maria,
later to become the IV Section of the the Chancery of
Nicholas I.

The article is devoted to the important
stage in a history of ecclesiastical education in
Russia - reform 1808-1814. The main results of
this reform: complete stably working ecclesiasticaleducational
system included in uniform scientificeducational
space of Russia, and also special type of
a higher school -ecclesiastical academy combining
theological and classical-arts education. The author
analyzes features of development of the Russian spiritual
school, preconditions, historical context, basic
ideas and consequences of the carried out reform.

The article reviews the history of national
military formations of the Russian army, peculiarities
of their organization, and issues of arming,
structure and military training. In this article the
national military formations are represented by the
Bashkirs and Kalmucks who had been in the military
service of the Russian army for a long period of time,
and during the Patriotic war of 1812 were in the majority
among foreigners who assembled their regiments
to fight against Napoleons France.

The author examines the actions of
the Moscow zemstvo for realisation of the governmental
program of introduction of general education.
Thanks to joint financing of the state and a zemstvo
in the Moscow region it was possible to generate a
three-verst system of schools. However the increase
in the sizes of state grants was accompanied by restrictions
of powers of zemstvo that led to conflicts in
their mutual relations with the state structures

The article is devoted to the investigation
of the beginning period of establishing and development
of the Soviet Union. On the example of Tula
province the process of creation of the new judicial
system is analyzed. The author shows features of working
conditions, the competence, the characteristic of
employees and the statistic of activity of the Tula provincial
revolutionary tribunal in the years of Civil war.

In clause on the basis of not published
before archival materials it is considered (on an example
of Smolensk province) the financial policy of the
Soviet authority on supports of collective farms. The
author does a conclusion that the purposes of these
policy to no small degree have not been reached from
- for scale expenditure for the maintenance of the Soviet
bureaucracy and settled in financial structures of
province to the large sums of not spent means .

The article is based on the documents
of the State Archive of Tula Region. The work focuses
basically on analyzing the criteria for identification of
the poor in the Soviet pre-kolkhoz village: the poverty
measures generally accepted such as acres of crops,
availability of draft cattle, etc. receive reasoned criticism.
The author analyses intra-peasant types of the
poor: a poor of necessity and a loafer poor; considers
co-existence of the poor with the villagers from other
property groups.

Resolute change of paradigms which
took place on the historical path of the Russian state
on the border between the XXth and the XXIst centuries,
complicated by the necessity of profound modernization,
has put a question about the search for
optimal ways to solve problems facing the country.
In this connection, the problem of the study of modernization
processes which took part in Soviet Russia
in the 1920s - 1930s on the regional level is of current
importance. In the article the history of creation of
Berezniki chemical plants is examined on the bases of
research data in the context of the theory of modernization.
The article is a constituent part of a research
work devoted to the formation of chemical industry
in Verchnekamye, in particular the construction of
Berezniki chemical plants which laid the foundation
of a powerful industrial centre in Western Ural

The article is devoted to the development
of the production base of the newly established
instrument plant in the armaments race conditions
during the Cold War

The analysis of the great deal of
documents and archives let the author examine the
formation of the public communications at the begining
of XX cen. (1900-1917); in the reorganization
(1985-2000). The author examined the policy of the
soviet government purposeful on the structuring of
the public communications the conception of the reorganization
including the idea of the reorganization
of the activity of the public associations.

In the article the policy of the emperor
of Holy Roman Empire Friedrich Barbarossa in the
relation of Sicily Kingdom is analyzed. Sicily Kingdom
was formed by the Norman in the end of X1centure.
And they defended in persistent struggle the rights
to the South Italian earths. The empire, papacy and
Byzantium traditionally applied for these territories
that time and it led to confrontations. In the beginning
of board Friedrich Barbarossa has continued
aggressive anti-Norman policy of German emperors,
but then having realized impossibility of a conquest
and violent inclusion of the south of Italy in empire
structure, he took other way, having counted on diplomacy
and peaceful co-existence with the Sicilian
monarchy that as a result has led to dynastic association
of two powers.

As part of this article attempts to
study sources of replenishment of the Harem of the
Ottoman Sultans was done. Harem of the Ottoman
sultans had not been the subject of special study of
Russian historians. The Ottoman sultans were not only
among the Muslim rulers, who had a sexual relationship
with the slave girl -without a formal marriage.
Living with concubines without a formal marriage
was widespread in the East. Slaves were taken as war
booty, or bought from slave traders in the slave markets.
There after a certain time of service to his master,
they were allowed to freedom, since the release
of a servant or slave was considered pious deeds. Career
slave girl could end in one of three alternatives:
she can enter into the family of the Ottoman dynasty
as the mother of one of the princes, to achieve one of
the highest positions in the hierarchy of the sultans
harem; and received his release to join the administrative
and military elite, coming on command of the
Sultan to marry one of their representatives.

Archeological excavations, botanical
researches and also etnographic data show that Azerbaijcan
is the most ancient center of vine- growing
and winemaking. A finding of very old sorts of grapestones,
such tools of work as a shovel, knifes, garden
scissors, wine trays testify to the fact that development
of vine- growing and winemaking in territory
of Azerbaijan took place in antique period. Existance
of natural water resources, including a wide network
of irrigation canals and a favourable climatic conditions
made it possable for population to gather the
big crop of wine. Nowadays in Azerbaijan exists over
400 native grades of grapes. In Azerbaijan September
23 is the holiday which celebrats of gathering of
a grape crop.

Article reveals the details of the conclave
1903 and the events, accompanying this election.
Raising the archival data, the official church
records and memoirs, allows for the first time to analyze
the individual motives of the participants and
the factor of chance, that determined, largely, not
only the Pontificate of Pius X, but also the subsequent
history of the Catholic Church.

Idealization of patriarchal foundations,
syncretism views, utopianism, a sense of messianic
being chosen by God, the personification of
the state in the leaders personality, these are the
pillars of the political leadership of Sukarno, who led
Indonesia to become an independent state.
The basis of Sukarnos political philosophy was
the principle of Unity in diversity, first formulated
in the 14 th century by poet Mpu Tantular, who lived
during the Majapahit Empire. Sukarno consistently
opposed the establishment of a theocratic state in
Indonesia, knowing that the religions domination
of Islam is the path to conflict in society. The unity of
all peoples of the Archipelago, regardless of their religious
beliefs, is the main objective of the political
activity of the Indonesian leader

In this work the author gives as examples
a dynamic development of the main directions
of German-Indian cooperation at the beginning of
the 21st century: in politics, military area, economics,
culture between both states. During globalization
Germany and India possess potential and resources
enough for the development their bilateral relations.

In article the concept of creation of
the new world(global) order, based on leadership
the USA, its changes after terrorist attack on September,
11, 2001 are considered; influence of the concept
on the American - Russian relations is shown.

The author analyzes the influence of
foreign policy on the development of economic relations
between the United States and the European
Union and dynamics of transatlantic relations in the
21st century.

In the article there was regarded activity
of bigger and more noticeable youth public associations
of the Republic Bashkortostan in tackling
such social issues of the region as: assisting population
of different levels, social security and providing
employment for its members, leisure time as well as
causes of insufficient activity in the Republics public
life revealed.

Article is devoted research of a political
component of occurrence of the Russian education
system in the All-European educational space.
The analysis of various variants of transformation and
revealing of the basic tendencies of rapprochement
with the All-European educational space against democratisation
and market economy development in
the country.

Article is devoted the analysis of politiko-
legal aspects of interstate relations of Russia and
Belarus where major factors are not only integration
of two slavic people, military and economic feasibility,
and also forces which render opposition to integration
processes. The decision of existing problems in
relations of two countries are caused, both legislative
norms, and influence of modern political trends in a
society. At the same time prospects of development
of the Russian-Belarus relations have the far-reaching
purposes providing mutually beneficial cooperation

In the article the problems, bound
with definition of a role of the civil officers in policy
and detection of their place in a political structure of
society are reviewed. In opinion of the writer, civil officers
(officials, the bureaucrats) render essential influencing
on process of acceptance of the imperous
- administrative solutions and consequently can be
considered political group of the society.

Today, majority of Russian Federation
subjects have understood the urgency of supporting
youth of social guarantees and opportunities for
realization of their potential. Therefore, without waiting
for federal law acceptances, they have already
passed their own laws on young people support. Of
all the Russian Federation subjects only nine do not
have laws on youth policy. Thus, it should be noted
that these programs are urged to promote effective
involving of youth in the overall process of socio-economic,
political and cultural development, on formation
of patriotism in young generation and respect
for the history and culture of fatherland and for other
people living in Russia.

In the given article the author considers
modern scientific concepts of the French researchers
on the problems of separatism and formation of
the new states. The analysis of the basic theoretical
works of the French politologists, sociologists and
lawyers on the given problematic is carried out. The
considerable attention is paid to the legal aspects of
separatism, the political, economic and ethnocultural
reasons of formation of the new states are analyzed.
In the given article the author conducts the analysis
of the role of the central government in the solution
of problems of separatism on the territory of state;
also the policy of the regional authorities is investigated.
At the end, the author makes conclusions concerning
the influence of various factors on the development
of separatist movements inside the country
and legal ways of prevention of the attempts of the
territorial separation.