COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE NEO-FASCISM ESSENCEIN THE MID-TWENTIETH CENTURY IN GERMANYAND THE SECOND REPUBLIC OF AUSTRIA

Abstract

The article analyzes the ideology of neo-fascism in the Second Austrian Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany in the middle of the twentieth century. General scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction are used, as well as the special comparative historical method, when considering the general and specific features of neo-fascism. The author comes to the conclusion that in the second half of the twentieth century neo-fascism was a kind of eclecticism of ultra-left and ultra-right views. As a result of their confusion a deeply contradictory phenomenon arose that reflected the interests of the reactionary part of capitalist society and created the appearance of a reflection of the interests of the middle part of the population. The ideology of neo-fascism speculated on the national consciousness of people, playing up to its own interests the specifics of the historical, economic, social, political and cultural development of the Federal Republic of Germany and Austria, taking the form of protection of national feelings and traditions. The theoretical / practical significance lies in the fact that the materials of the article can be used in the preparation of textbooks on the newest history of Europe and America, as well as special courses on the history of Austria. The article is addressed to students and postgraduates studying the course of New and Recent History of Foreign Countries and Historiography.