Russian monarchism at the beginning of the 20th century through the prism of ideological approaches: a typology of historiographical models
https://doi.org/10.18384/2310-676X-2022-2-121-131
Abstract
Aim. To identify the main model approaches to the interpretation of the ideology and organizational practice of Russian monarchism at the beginning of the 20th century. To carry out a correlation of the put forward assessments of the monarchical movement with ideological and philosophical-historical paradigms.
Methodology. The study used the methodology of humanitarian modeling. On the basis of a wide range of historiographical and historical-journalistic sources, general characteristics were singled out in understanding the history of Russian monarchism from the standpoint of different models. Correlation of these models with the directions of ideological discourse was carried out.
Results. Five historiographic models for representing the ideology and political activity of the Russian monarchist movement were described. It is concluded that there is an increase in the demand for appeals to the ideas of Russian monarchists of the early 20th century, a tendency is found to move from a predominantly negative to a positive coverage of the activities of monarchist organizations.
Research implications. The description of historiographic models can serve as a typological map for further research on the problems of the history of Russian monarchism. The results of the work may also be in demand in the formation of a new ideological agenda for the development of Russia.
About the Author
B. A. Chernyshov
State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Boris A. Chernyshov – Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Deputy Chairman
Moscow
References
1. Agurskiy M. S. Ideologiya natsional-bolshevizma [Ideology of National Bolshevism]. Moscow, Algoritm Publ., 2003. 316 p.
2. Babkin M. A. Dukhovenstvo Russkoy pravoslavnoy tserkvi i sverzheniye monarkhii (nachalo XX veka – konets 1917 goda) [Clergy of the Russian Orthodox Church and the overthrow of the monarchy (beginning of the 20th century – end of 1917)]. Moscow, Publishing House of the State Public Historical Library of Russia, 2007. 532 p.
3. Babkin M. A. Svyashchenstvo i Tsarstvo (Rossiya, nachalo XX veka – 1918 god). Issledovaniya i materialy [Priesthood and Kingdom (Russia, beginning of the 20th century – 1918). Research and Materials]. Moscow, Indrik Publ., 2011. 920 p.
4. Bagdasaryan V. E. Oktyabr 1917-go. Russkiy proyekt [October 1917. Russian project.]. Moscow, Algoritm Publ., 2016. 222 p.
5. Bagdasaryan V. E., Resnyanskiy S. I. [Genesis of the Soviet system: Revolution as a mechanism of civilizational reproduction]. In: Vestnik Russkoy khristianskoy gumanitarnoy akademii [Russian Christian Humanitarian Academy], 2021, vol. 22, no. 4 (2), pp. 66–76.
6. Bogoyavlenskiy D. D. [Historiography of the Russian’s right-monarchist movement in the early twentieth century: the problem of terminology]. In: Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo oblastnogo universiteta. Seriya: Istoriya i politicheskiye nauki [Bulletin of Moscow Region State University. Series: History and Political Sciences], 2013, no. 5, pp. 7–12.
7. Bogoyavlenskiy D. D. Problema liderstva v Soyuze russkogo naroda [The problem of leadership in the Union of the Russian people]. MRSU Ed. off. Publ., 2012. 242 p.
8. Vishnevskiy A. G. Serp i rubl’: Konservativnaya modernizatsiya v SSSR [Sickle and rouble: Conservative modernization in the USSR]. M.: GU-VSHE Publ., 2010. 430 p.
9. Volkogonova O. D. Konstantin Leontyev [Konstantin Leontyev]. Moscow, Molodaya gvardiya Publ., 2013. 453 p.
10. Zalezhskiy V. N. Monarkhisty [Monarchists]. Kharkov, Proletariy Publ., 1929. 75 p.
11. I vanov A. A. Plamennyy reaktsioner. Vladimir Mitrofanovich Purishkevich [Flame reactioner. Vladimir Mitrofanovich Purishkevich]. St. Petersburg, Vladimir Dal Publ., 2020. 621 p.
12. I yerusalimskiy Yu. Yu., Kokorina E. A. [Historiography of the black-hundred-monarchist movement in 1905–1907]. In: Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya 8: Istoriya [Moscow University Bulletin. Series 8: History], 1994, no. 3, pp. 27–39.
13. I oann (Snychev). Samoderzhaviye Dukha. Ocherki russkogo samosoznaniya [Autocracy of the Spirit. Essays on Russian identity]. Moscow, Tsarskoye delo Publ., 1995. 352 p.
14. Karpukhin D. V. «Chernaya sotnya»: Vekhi osmysleniya v Rossii [«Black Hundred»: Milestones of comprehension in Russia]. Moscow, MRSU Ed. off. Publ., 2009. 388 p.
15. Kiryanov Yu. I. Pravyye partii v Rossii. 1911–1917 [Right-wing parties in Russia. 1911–1917]. Moscow, ROSSPEN Publ., 2001. 472 p.
16. Kozhinov V. V. Pravda «Chornoy sotni» [Truth of the “Black Hundred”]. Moscow, Algoritm Publ., Eksmo Publ., 2006. 384 p.
17. Kozhinov V. V. Rossiya vek XX. 1901–1939 [Russia XX century. 1901–1939]. Moscow, Algoritm Publ., 1999. 560 p.
18. Komin V. V. Bankrotstvo burzhuaznykh i melkoburzhuaznykh partiy Rossii v period podgotovki i pobedy Velikoy oktyabrskoy sotsialisticheskoy revolyutsii [The bankruptcy of the bourgeois and petty-bourgeois parties of Russia during the preparation and victory of the Great October Socialist Revolution]. Moscow, Moskovskiy rabochiy Publ., 1965. 644 p.
19. Kon N. Blagosloveniye na genotsid: mif o vsemirnom zagovore yevreyev i «Protokolakh sionskikh mudretsov » [Blessing for Genocide: the Myth of the Worldwide Jewish Conspiracy and the “Protocols of the Sages of Zion”]. Moscow, Progress Publ., 1990. 248 p.
20. Laker U. Chornaya sotnya: proiskhozhdeniye russkogo fashizma [Black Hundred: the Origin of Russian Fascism]. Moscow, Tekst Publ., 1999. 432 p.
21. Lenin V. I. [About blackness]. In: Lenin V. I. Polnoye sobraniye sochineniy. T. 24 [Сomplete works. Vol. 24]. Moscow, Izdatelstvo politicheskoy literatury Publ., 1973, pp. 18–19.
22. Lyuks L. Tretiy Rim? Tretiy Reykh? Tretiy put? Istoricheskiye ocherki o Rossii, Germanii i Zapade [Third Rome? Third Reich? Third way? Historical essays on Russia, Germany and the West]. Moscow, Moskovskii filosofckii fond Publ., 2002. 304 p.
23. Ostretsov V. M. Chernaya sotnya. Vzglyad sprava [Black hundred. Look from the right]. Moscow, Russkoye slovo Publ., 1994. 231 p.
24. Pavlov S. B. [1905. The struggle of the extreme right against the establishment of a full parliament in Russia]. In: Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya 8. Istoriya [Moscow University Bulletin. Series 8: History], 1999, no. 5, pp. 21–33.
25. Platonov O. A. Svyatyye chernosotentsy. Svyashchennyy Soyuz Russkogo Naroda [Holy Black Hundred. The Holy Union of the Russian People]. Moscow, Russkaya tsivilizatsiya Publ., 2011. 1136 p.
26. Razmolodin M. L. Konservativnaya sushchnost chernoy sotni [The Conservative Essence of the Black Hundred]. Yaroslavl, Nyuans Publ., 2012. 388 p.
27. Repnikov A. V. Konservativnaya kontseptsiya rossiyskoy gosudarstvennosti [Conservative concept of Russian statehood]. Moscow, Signal Publ., 1999. 161 p.
28. Repnikov A. V. Konservativnyye kontseptsii pereustroystva Rossii [Conservative redevelopment concepts of Russia]. Moscow, Academia Publ., 2007. 520 p.
29. Repnikov A. V. Konservativnyye modeli rossiyskoy gosudarstvennosti [Conservative models of Russian statehood]. Moscow, Politicheskaya entsiklopediya Publ., 2014. 527 p.
30. Repnikov A. V. Konservativnyye predstavleniya o pereustroystve Rossii (konets XIX – nachalo XX vekov) [Conservative ideas about the restructuring of Russia (late 19th – early 20th centuries).]. Moscow, Gotika Publ., 2006. 424 p.
31. Repnikov A. V., Milevskiy O. A. Dve zhizni L’va Tikhomirova [Two lives of Lev Tikhomirov]. Moscow, Academia Publ., 2011. 560 p.
32. Rybas S. Yu. Vasiliy Shulgin: sud’ba russkogo natsionalista [Vasily Shulgin: the fate of the Russian nationalist]. Moscow, Molodaya gvardiya Publ., 2014. 543 p.
33. Segal D. «Sumerki svobody»: o nekotorykh temakh russkoy yezhednevnoy pechati 1917–1918 gg. In: Minuvsheye. Istoricheskiy almanakh [Past. Historical Almanac], 1991, no. 3, pp. 131–196.
34. Slesarev Yu. V [Soviet historiography of the Black Hundred and Right Monarchic in Russia (from October 1917 – until the end of the 80s of the 20th century)]. In: Yagov O. V., ed. Aktualnyye problemy istoricheskoy nauki: mezhvuzovskiy sbornik nauchnykh trudov molodykh uchenykh. Vip. 1 [Current problems of historical science: inter-university scientific. works of young scientists. Iss. 1]. Penza, Penza State Pedagogical University named after V. G. Belinskij Publ., 2003, pp. 347–352.
35. Spirin L. M. Krusheniye pomeshchichikh i burzhuaznykh partiy v Rossii (nach. XX v. – 1920 g.) [The collapse of landowner and bourgeois parties in Russia (early 20th century – 1920).]. Moscow, Mysl Publ., 1977. 366 p.
36. Stepanov S. A. [Historiography of Black Hundred Unions and Organizations]. In: Pervaya rossiyskaya revolyutsiya 1905–1907 godov. Obzor sovetskoy i zarubezhnoy literatury [The First Russian Revolution of 1905–1907. Review of Soviet and foreign literature]. Moscow, INION AN SSSR Publ., 1991, pp. 195–213.
37. Strukov A. V. [The reasons of weakness of right parties in Russia on an example of “The Union of Russian People”]. In: Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo oblastnogo universiteta. Seriya: Istoriya i politicheskiye nauki [Bulletin of Moscow Region State University. Series: History and Political Sciences], 2009, no. 3, pp. 78–84.
38. Fochenkov A. A. [Domestic historiography of the Black Hundred movement in Russia]. In: Diskussionnyye voprosy rossiyskoy istorii: Materialy IV mezhvuzovskoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii [Discussion issues of Russian history: Materials of the IV inter-university scientific and practical conference.]. Arzamas, 2000, pp. 137–141.
39. Cheremisskiy I. A. [Historiography of right-wing monarchist organizations (1905–1920)]. In: Neproletarskiye partii Rossii v gody burzhuazno-demokraticheskikh revolyutsiy v period nazrevaniya sotsialisticheskoy revolyutsii: sb. statey [Non-proletarian parties of Russia during the years of bourgeois-democratic revolutions during the brewing of the socialist revolution: coll. articles]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1982, pp. 66–72.
40. Shukshina T. A. [City riots of October 1905 in Russia and the formation of the image of the «Black Hundred»]. In: Nauchnyy poisk: materialy pervoy nauchnoy konferentsii aspirantov i doktorantov. Sotsialno- gumanitarnyye i yestestvennyye nauki [Scientific search: materials of the 1st scientific conference of graduate students and doctoral students. Social, humanities and natural sciences]. Chelyabinsk, Izdatel’skii tsentr YuUrGU Publ., 2009, pp. 164–167.
41. Shukshina T. A. [Cultural codes of the Russian «blackness» of October 1905]. In: Rossiya i krizis sovremennoy tsivilizatsii. Trudy nauchno-spetsializirovannoy konferentsii prepodavateley vuzov, uchenykh i spetsialistov [Russia and the crisis of modern civilization: the works of a scientific and specialized conference of university teachers, scientists and specialists]. Chelyabinsk, Poligraf-master Publ., 2009, pp. 96–102.
42. Yanov A. L. Patriotizm i natsionalizm v Rossii. 1825–1921 [Patriotism and nationalism in Russia. 1825–1921.]. Moscow, Akademkniga Publ., 2002. 398 p.
43. Yanov A. L. Rossiya protiv Rossii. 1825–1921: Ocherki istorii russkogo natsionalizma [Russia against Russia. 1825–1921: Essays on the history of Russian nationalism]. Novosibirsk, Sibirskiy Khronograf Publ., 1999. 368 p.
Review
Views:
137
Email this article 