Internal political struggle in the Second Austrian Republic regarding the problem of neutrality in the 1950s of the 20th century (on the example of the "Abbreviated Treaty")

Aim. To review the history of Austria's declaration of permanent neutrality and the political struggle around this problem. The status of permanent neutrality fully fulfills the interests of the Austrian people. Modern Austrian neutrality also contributes to the preservation of peace in the center of Europe.

Methodology. The research methodology is based on such principles as historicism, objectivity and scientific reliability, the integrated use of which made it possible to achieve the goal set in the work.

Results. It is concluded that the State Treaty and the status of permanent neutrality form a single basis for Austria's foreign policy orientation and are inextricably linked with each other. The state treaty creates an opportunity for the Republic of Austria to pursue an independent foreign policy, and neutrality determines the leading elements of state policy.

Research implications. The materials of the article can be used to analyze the concept of neutrality and its role in the foreign policy of such European states as Austria, the Vatican, Liechtenstein. The results of the study can be used in the preparation of practical classes and lecture courses in the General History of Europe and America, the foreign policy of Austria and other countries of the European Union.

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