HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL PREREQUISITES OF THE HISTORICAL DYNAMICS OF CHANGES IN HIGHER EDUCATION IN ST. PETERSBURG IN THE 18 th CENTURY
https://doi.org/10.18384/2310-676X-2022-3-50-59
Abstract
Aim. To consider historical and cultural prerequisites and the nature of the trajectory of historical dynamics of changes in higher education in the socio-cultural space of St. Petersburg.
Methodology. During the study, the comparative-historical method was used (which allows us to identify by comparison the general and special in historical phenomena, the stages and trends of their development) as well as the systemic method (which corresponds to our ideas about the system of higher education as a subsystem of the structure of a higher order – the socio-cultural system of Russia and Western Europe as a whole).
Results. The paper considers and characterizes the stages of development of the education system in St. Petersburg and Russia in the 18th century. The article contains a description of these stages and their evolution during this historical period.
Research implications. Based on the historical sources, the following factors of creation and development of the education system in Russia and St. Petersburg in the 18th century were revealed: its involvement in the cultural and historical context of Western Europe; the Anglo-French dualism of European politics of this historical period; a decisive role in the creation and development of the education system in Russia of the imperial government.
About the Authors
A. Fantalov
Saint Petersburg Academy of Postgraduate Pedagogical Education
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Alexey N. Fantalov – Cand. Sci. (Cultural Studies), Assoc. Prof., Senior Lecturer
191002, St. Petersburg, ul. Lomonosovskaya 11/13
M. Malyazina
The Herzen State Pedagogical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Margarita A. Malyazina – the 1st Category Specialist, Educational Department
191186, St. Petersburg, nab. Moiki 48
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