THE FIRST REPUBLIC OF AUSTRIA PARLIAMENT’S CONSTITUTIONAL-LEGAL STATUS, ITS STRUCTURE AND COMPETENCE

The article is devoted to the analysis of the constitutional-legal status of the First Republic of Austria in the 20s of the XXth century, as well as to its structure and competence. The analysis is based on the research of the Constitutional Law of 1920 and the amendments of 1929. The article notes that the National Council was the lower house of Austrian Parliament as it was the organ of nationwide representation; the Federal Council was an upper house of Austrian Parliament as it represented the Lands. It’s stressed that both the National Council and the Federal Council didn’t enjoy equal rights: the National Council was the leading one, whereas the Federal Council could only take part in the legislation activities. Austrian Parliament represented by the National Council and the Federal Council, realizing the legislative branch of power and controlling the Government, didn’t possess leadership in all spheres of the state life. The author considers the parliament to function within the policy of checks and balances. One of the most important constitutional institutions of the present Second Republic of Austria was and still is the parliament, which absorbed and is still absorbing the best experience of the 20s of the XXth century.

Первая Австрийская Республика, парламент, конституционно-правовой статус, структура и компетенция парламента, принцип разделения властей, государственно-территориальное устройство Австрии, Национальный совет, Союзный (Федеральный) совет, Президент Союза (Федеральный президент), Счетная палата, федеральный бюджет, Союзное (Федеральное) правительство, Союзный (Федеральный) канцлер, Союзное (Федеральное) Собрание, Союзный (Федеральный) конституционный суд

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