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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">historymgou</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Государственного университета просвещения. Серия: История и политические науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the State University of Education. Series: History and Political Sciences</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-5156</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-5164</issn><publisher><publisher-name>State University of Education</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18384/2949-5164-2025-4-64-75</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">historymgou-2167</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННАЯ ИСТОРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NATIVE HISTORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Российские печатные календари XVIII в. (по материалам редких изданий)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Printed Calendars of the 18th Century (Based on Materials of Rare Editions)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0266-2887</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лупанова</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lupanova</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лупанова Евгения Михайловна – доктор исторических наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела,</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lupanova Evgenia Mikhailovna – Dr. Sci. (History), Senior Researcher of the Department,   </p><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lupanova@kunstkamera.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Музей антропологии и этнографии им. Петра Великого (Кунсткамера) Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Museum of Ethnography and Anthropology named after Peter the Great (Kunstkamer) of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>64</fpage><lpage>75</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лупанова Е.М., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лупанова Е.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lupanova E.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.istpolitmgou.ru/jour/article/view/2167">https://www.istpolitmgou.ru/jour/article/view/2167</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель.  Представление календаря в контексте развития Кунсткамеры и отечественной науки XVIII в.</p></sec><sec><title>Процедура и методы</title><p>Процедура и методы. Статья основана на музейных и архивных материалах, впервые вводимых в научный оборот. В ходе исследования изучены календари в коллекциях Кунсткамеры XVIII в., проведён анализ работы по их составлению и публикации.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Помимо прямой функции, календари выполняли просветительскую – на их страницах публиковались сведения о способах оказания медицинской помощи, давались агротехнические рекомендации, данные времени восхода и заката, о фазах Луны и др. Общественный интерес носил специфический характер: стереотип связи наблюдения за небесными светилами с причастностью к тайнам и чудесам, ожидание предсказаний.</p><p>Теоретическая и/или практическая значимость. Исследование может служить базой для дальнейшего развития темы, введения в научный оборот музейных предметов, хранящихся в других собраниях, и активизации архивных поисков.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. Presentation of the calendar in the context of the development of the Kunstkamera and Russian science of the 18th century.</p></sec><sec><title>Methodology</title><p>Methodology. The article is based on the first time used as sources museum and archival materials. Calendars are identified in the collections of the Kunstkamera of the 18th century. The work on their compilation and publication, and their contents are under consideration.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In addition to their direct function, calendars also served as educational tools, providing information on medical practices, agricultural recommendations, and more. In the absence of street lighting, data on sunrise and sunset times, as well as lunar phases, were crucial. The public's interest was characterized by a combination of curiosity, a belief in the supernatural, and a desire for predictions.</p></sec><sec><title>Research implications</title><p>Research implications. The study can serve as a basis for further development of the topic, the introduction of museum items stored in other collections into historical researches, the encouragement of archival research.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Петербургская академия наук</kwd><kwd>XVIII в.</kwd><kwd>научная деятельность в музее</kwd><kwd>подготовка и издание календарей</kwd><kwd>просвещение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences</kwd><kwd>18th century</kwd><kwd>scientific researches in the museum</kwd><kwd>preparation and publication of calendars</kwd><kwd>enlightenment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бургуэн Ж. де. Календарь. История и современность / пер. с франц. В. Шабаевой. М.: Апрель, 2006. 144 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bourgoing, J. de. (2006). 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