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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">historymgou</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Государственного университета просвещения. Серия: История и политические науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the State University of Education. Series: History and Political Sciences</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-5156</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-5164</issn><publisher><publisher-name>State University of Education</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18384/2949-5164-2024-1-123-132</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">historymgou-1816</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВСЕОБЩАЯ ИСТОРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENERAL HISTORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Внутриполитическая борьба во Второй Австрийской республике по проблеме нейтралитета в 1950-е гг. ХХ в. (на примере «сокращённого договора»)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Internal political struggle in the Second Austrian Republic regarding the problem of neutrality in the 1950s  of the 20th century (on the example of the "Abbreviated Treaty")</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козьякова</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozyakova</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Козьякова Наталья Сергеевна – кандидат политических наук, доцент кафедры политологии</p><p>125167, Москва, пр-кт Ленинградский, д. 49/2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya S. Kozyakova – Cand. Sci. (Political Sciences), Assoc. Prof., Department of Political Science</p><p>pr-kt Leningradskiy 49/2, Moscow 125167</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nkozyakowa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Финансовый университет при Правительстве РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>123</fpage><lpage>132</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Козьякова Н.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Козьякова Н.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kozyakova N.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.istpolitmgou.ru/jour/article/view/1816">https://www.istpolitmgou.ru/jour/article/view/1816</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Рассмотреть историю провозглашения Австрией статуса постоянного нейтралитета и политической борьбы вокруг данной проблемы. Статус постоянного нейтралитета полностью отвечает интересам австрийского народа. Современный австрийский нейтралитет в немалой мере содействует также сохранению мира в центре Европы.</p></sec><sec><title>Процедура и методы</title><p>Процедура и методы. Методология исследования опирается на такие принципы, как историзм, объективность и научная достоверность, комплексное использование которых позволило достичь поставленной в работе цели.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Делается вывод, что Государственный договор и статус постоянного нейтралитета составляют единую основу внешнеполитической ориентации Австрии и неразрывно связаны друг с другом. Государственный договор создаёт для Австрийской республики возможность проводить самостоятельную внешнюю политику, а нейтралитет определяет ведущие элементы государственной политики.</p><p>Теоретическая и/или практическая значимость. Материалы статьи могут быть использованы для анализа концепции нейтралитета и его роли во внешней политике таких европейских государств, как Австрия, Ватикан, Лихтенштейн. Результаты исследования могут применяться при подготовке практических занятий и лекционных курсов во Всеобщей истории стран Европы и Америки, внешней политики Австрии и других стран Европейского Союза.1</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To review the history of Austria's declaration of permanent neutrality and the political struggle around this problem. The status of permanent neutrality fully fulfills the interests of the Austrian people. Modern Austrian neutrality also contributes to the preservation of peace in the center of Europe.</p></sec><sec><title>Methodology</title><p>Methodology. The research methodology is based on such principles as historicism, objectivity and scientific reliability, the integrated use of which made it possible to achieve the goal set in the work.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It is concluded that the State Treaty and the status of permanent neutrality form a single basis for Austria's foreign policy orientation and are inextricably linked with each other. The state treaty creates an opportunity for the Republic of Austria to pursue an independent foreign policy, and neutrality determines the leading elements of state policy.</p></sec><sec><title>Research implications</title><p>Research implications. The materials of the article can be used to analyze the concept of neutrality and its role in the foreign policy of such European states as Austria, the Vatican, Liechtenstein. The results of the study can be used in the preparation of practical classes and lecture courses in the General History of Europe and America, the foreign policy of Austria and other countries of the European Union.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>государственный договор</kwd><kwd>нейтралитет</kwd><kwd>«сокращённый договор»</kwd><kwd>Австрийская народная партия</kwd><kwd>Социалистическая партия Австрии</kwd><kwd>восстановление независимости</kwd><kwd>переговоры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>State treaty</kwd><kwd>neutrality</kwd><kwd>“Abbreviated treaty”</kwd><kwd>Austrian People's Party</kwd><kwd>Socialist Party of Austria</kwd><kwd>restoration of independence</kwd><kwd>negotiations</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белецкий В. Н. 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