<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">historymgou</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Государственного университета просвещения. Серия: История и политические науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the State University of Education. Series: History and Political Sciences</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-5156</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-5164</issn><publisher><publisher-name>State University of Education</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18384/2310-676X-2022-5-45-56</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">historymgou-1547</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЦИРКУМПОНТИКА</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ещё один анализ причины происхождения индоевропейцев</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Another analysis of the cause of origin of the Indo-Europeans</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шеппард</surname><given-names>Г. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shephard</surname><given-names>H. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Генри М. Шепард – сотрудник</p><p>Филадельфия, Пенсильвания</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Henry M. Shephard – member signature</p><p>Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drhenryshephard@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Археологический институт Америки</institution><country>Соединённые Штаты Америки</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Archaeological Institute of America</institution><country>United States</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шеппард Г.М., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шеппард Г.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shephard H.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.istpolitmgou.ru/jour/article/view/1547">https://www.istpolitmgou.ru/jour/article/view/1547</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. В данной статье рассматривается новая теория для решения давней проблемы определения области и хронологических рамок происхождения индоевропейцев. Все существующие на сей день теории происхождения индоевропейцев имеют одну общую ошибку: эти подходы предполагают экономически детерминированную модель для понимания исторических трансформаций. Однако индоевропейцы были сообществом, ограниченным общим языком, поэтому культура представляется более подходящей областью для изучения их происхождения, чем экономический подход.</p></sec><sec><title>Процедура и методы</title><p>Процедура и методы. Поскольку индоевропейцы являлись сообществом, ограниченным общим культурным явлением – языком, автор представляет альтернативную теорию возникновения индоевропейцев и определения времени и места этого возникновения. Автор опирается на гипотезу Макса Вебера о духовном осевом сдвиге, вызвавшем раннюю доисторическую культурную трансформацию. Путём синтеза исторических лингвистических и археологических данных, предлагаемый в статье подход направлен на решение проблем, сопутствующих экономическому детерминистскому подходу к изучению происхождения индоевропейцев, присущему вульгарному материализму.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В статье предлагается рассматривать казуальную основу для анализа происхождения индоевропейцев в предметном поле духовного производства. По мнению автора, недостатком формулировок, характерных для традиционных археологических исследований, является их излишняя зависимость от материалистических моделей при рассмотрении проблем истории культуры и духовного производства.</p><p>Теоретическая и/или практическая значимость. Изменяя методологические и теоретические рамки проблемы, автор в данной статье пытается обойти постоянное круговращение вокруг проблемы сторонников материалистического подхода.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. The following article considers a new theory for resolving the longstanding problem of identifying the geographic and temporal origin of Indo-Europeans. All existing theories provided thus far for the origin of Indo-Europeans suffer from one common error: the approaches presuppose an economic deterministic model for understanding historical transformation. However, Indo-Europeans were a community circumscribed by common language, therefore culture seems a more proper domain for analysis of origins than does an economistic approach.</p></sec><sec><title>Methodology</title><p>Methodology. The Indo-European population as a bounded community, however, is circumscribed by its common cultural formation, that of language. In this paper, we present an alternative theory for the emergence of Indo-Europeans and situate this origin in time and place. We rely on the Weberian hypothesis of a spiritual axial shift spurring an early prehistoric cultural transformation. By synthesizing historical linguistic and archaeological evidence, the approach offered below aims to the solve problems corresponding to a vulgar materialism’s economic determinist approach to IndoEuropean origin.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. This paper proposes that the proper basis for analysis of cultural origins of Indo-Europeans resides at the level of spiritual production. A shortcoming of traditional archaeological formulations is its reliance on materialist models for spiritual and cultural concerns.</p></sec><sec><title>Research implications</title><p>Research implications. By shifting the methodological and theoretical framing of the problem, this paper seeks to bypass the perpetual circling of the problem by proponents of the materialist model.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>причинная роль факторов происхождения индоевропейцев</kwd><kwd>социальноисторические факторы происхождения индоевропейцев</kwd><kwd>материальная культура и духовное производство</kwd><kwd>социальная теория Макса Вебера</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>causal role of factors in Indo-European origin</kwd><kwd>sociohistorical factors in Indo-European origin</kwd><kwd>material culture and spiritual production</kwd><kwd>Max Weber’s social theory</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Anthony D. W., Ringe D. The Indo-European Homeland from Linguistic and Archaeological Perspectives. In: Annual Review of Linguistics, 2015, vol. 1, pp. 199–219.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anthony D. W., Ringe D. The Indo-European Homeland from Linguistic and Archaeological Perspectives. In: Annual Review of Linguistics, 2015, vol. 1, pp. 199–219.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Apollodorus H. R. The Library of Greek Mythology. Oxford University Press, 1997. 336 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Apollodorus H. R. The Library of Greek Mythology. Oxford University Press, 1997. 336 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bailly A. Dictionnaire grec-français. Vol. 2. Hachette, 1895. 2227 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bailly A. Dictionnaire grec-français. Vol. 2. Hachette, 1895. 2227 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berneker E. Slavisches etymologisches Wörterbuch. Univ. of Heidelberg, 1924. 772 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berneker E. Slavisches etymologisches Wörterbuch. Univ. of Heidelberg, 1924. 772 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boyadzhiev A. Staroblgarskaya Chitanka. Sofia, 2016. 619 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boyadzhiev A. Staroblgarskaya Chitanka. Sofia, 2016. 619 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Carling G., Cronhamn S., Farren R., Aliyev E., Frid J. The causality of borrowing: Lexical loans in Eurasian languages. In: PloS One, 2019. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223588</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Carling G., Cronhamn S., Farren R., Aliyev E., Frid J. The causality of borrowing: Lexical loans in Eurasian languages. In: PloS One, 2019. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223588</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Das G. D. Bhagavata Subodhini. The Fourth Stage of Creation. Chapter 14: History of the king of Vena. Song 4. Tulsi Books, 2022.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Das G. D. Bhagavata Subodhini. The Fourth Stage of Creation. Chapter 14: History of the king of Vena. Song 4. Tulsi Books, 2022.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Demiraj B. Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz. In: Leiden Studies in Indo-European Series. Rodobi, 1997. 180 p. 9. Derkson R. Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon. Boston, Brill Publ., 2008. 726 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Demiraj B. Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz. In: Leiden Studies in Indo-European Series. Rodobi, 1997. 180 p. 9. Derkson R. Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon. Boston, Brill Publ., 2008. 726 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Vaan M. Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages. Boston, Brill Publ., 2008. 825 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Vaan M. Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages. Boston, Brill Publ., 2008. 825 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fagan B. M., ed. The Oxford Companion to Archaeology. Oxford University Press, 1996. 864 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fagan B. M., ed. The Oxford Companion to Archaeology. Oxford University Press, 1996. 864 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Farnell L. R. Roscher’s Lexicon of Mythology – Greek Section (Vol. 3 Letter «N», Nestos № 4, line 1-576), B.G. Teubner, 1888. Line 433.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Farnell L. R. Roscher’s Lexicon of Mythology – Greek Section (Vol. 3 Letter «N», Nestos № 4, line 1-576), B.G. Teubner, 1888. Line 433.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fasmer M. Etymological Dictionary Russian Language. In 4 vols. Moscow, AST Publ., 2022.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fasmer M. Etymological Dictionary Russian Language. In 4 vols. Moscow, AST Publ., 2022.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guidolotto L. T., Lucian O. S. Dialogues of the Gods. 1518.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guidolotto L. T., Lucian O. S. Dialogues of the Gods. 1518.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hunter R., ed. Apollonius of Rhodes: Argonautica Book IV. Cambridge University Press, 2015. 339 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hunter R., ed. Apollonius of Rhodes: Argonautica Book IV. Cambridge University Press, 2015. 339 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ivanov V. I. Dionysos und die vordionysischen Kulte. Mohr Siebeck, 2012. 416 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ivanov V. I. Dionysos und die vordionysischen Kulte. Mohr Siebeck, 2012. 416 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kroonen G. Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic. Vol. 47. Boston, Brill Publ., 2013. 750 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kroonen G. Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic. Vol. 47. Boston, Brill Publ., 2013. 750 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Librado P., Khan N., Fages A., et al. The origins and spread of domestic horses from the Western Eurasian steppes. In: Nature, 2021, no. 598, pp. 634–640.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Librado P., Khan N., Fages A., et al. The origins and spread of domestic horses from the Western Eurasian steppes. In: Nature, 2021, no. 598, pp. 634–640.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Miklosich M. Lexicon Linguae Slovenicae Veteris Dialecti. Vindobonae, 1850. 204 p. 20. Nonnos. Dionysiaca. Books 1–15. Harvard University Press, 1940. 576 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Miklosich M. Lexicon Linguae Slovenicae Veteris Dialecti. Vindobonae, 1850. 204 p. 20. Nonnos. Dionysiaca. Books 1–15. Harvard University Press, 1940. 576 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Olander T. Common Slavic Accentological Word List. Editiones Olander, 2001. 28 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Olander T. Common Slavic Accentological Word List. Editiones Olander, 2001. 28 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Orel V. E. A Handbook of Germanic Etymology. Boston, Brill Publ., 2012. 683 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Orel V. E. A Handbook of Germanic Etymology. Boston, Brill Publ., 2012. 683 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Orel V. E. Albanian Etymological Dictionary. Boston, Brill Publ., 1998. 670 p</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Orel V. E. Albanian Etymological Dictionary. Boston, Brill Publ., 1998. 670 p</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ovid. Metamorphoses. Spring Publications, 1989. 359 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ovid. Metamorphoses. Spring Publications, 1989. 359 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Preller L. Griechische Mythologie. Vol. 1. Leather Bound, 1894. 964 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Preller L. Griechische Mythologie. Vol. 1. Leather Bound, 1894. 964 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hujer O., Smetбnka E., Weingart M., Havrбnek B., eds. Příruční slovník jazyka českého. Vol I. Praha, 1935–1957.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hujer O., Smetбnka E., Weingart M., Havrбnek B., eds. Příruční slovník jazyka českého. Vol I. Praha, 1935–1957.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ringe D. From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic. Oxford University Press, 2006. 416 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ringe D. From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic. Oxford University Press, 2006. 416 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hujer O., Smetбnka E. at al., eds. Slovnik spisovného jazyka českého. Praha, 1960–1971, 1989. 528 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hujer O., Smetбnka E. at al., eds. Slovnik spisovného jazyka českého. Praha, 1960–1971, 1989. 528 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Smoczyński W. Indoeuropejskie podstawy słownictwa bałtyckiego. In: Acta Baltico-Slavica, 1982, vol. 14, pp. 235–236.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smoczyński W. Indoeuropejskie podstawy słownictwa bałtyckiego. In: Acta Baltico-Slavica, 1982, vol. 14, pp. 235–236.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Watkins C. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2000. 149 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Watkins C. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2000. 149 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weber M. Anthology. Society image. Moscow, Jurist Publ., 1994. 702 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weber M. Anthology. Society image. Moscow, Jurist Publ., 1994. 702 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">West M. L. Indo-European Poetry and Myth. Oxford University Press, 2007. 525 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">West M. L. Indo-European Poetry and Myth. Oxford University Press, 2007. 525 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wodtko D. S. Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics. De Gruyter Mouton, 2017. 1256 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wodtko D. S. Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics. De Gruyter Mouton, 2017. 1256 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yarovoy E. V. Mounds of the Eneolithic-Bronze Age of the Lower Dniester. Kishinev, Shtiintsa, 1990. 270 р.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yarovoy E. V. Mounds of the Eneolithic-Bronze Age of the Lower Dniester. Kishinev, Shtiintsa, 1990. 270 р.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
